The side light and daylight running light bulb (21/5w)are in the same housing as the main beam light. You didnt say if it was main or dipped beam light you replaced ? but you may have disturbed/broken a wire or connector. Changing bulbs via the inspection door in wheel arch liner can be somewhat fiddly. A bit easier if you take the relevant front wheel off to improve access. Worse case is take off whole front bumber to get to the connectors for the for the light unit.
I can confirm no battery programming on a 2012 500.